Translate

Saturday, July 7, 2012

Solvent Extraction: Two Methods For Aquiring Gold and More

This blog is conceived in two parts: solvent extraction of the ether to extract the ORMUS in trapped water for health; and (2) solvent extraction of e-waste to produce pure precious metals from the higher precious metal group:  gold, palladium, and platinum without a furnace.

Since these two sources might not be for everyone. It is not meant to mitigate, treat, or cure anything, though many people say it does just that. It will change and enhance your life, without question, and without doubt you will have healing. further, the suppression of non-toxic appraaches for extraction of precious metals are equally guarded based on concept:


                         He who owns the gold... rules...which is the real "golden rule."

Please read about it and think about it, because this is not a question you should answer without reflection.... In the end, however, ORMUS will find you when the time is right, just as you have found your way here. Equally so is the suppressed science behind the extraction methods to intentionally misinform the individual  based on the above credo.

                                   http://www.subtleenergies.com/ormus/tw/patterns.htm

First and foremost is the inventor with his invention which becomes an ego trip. Nevertheless here is a widely known tale about Archimedes which tells about the method he devised to determine the volume of an irregular shaped object. Once while taking a bath, he had noticed that the level of water in the tub rose as he got in. The story goes on that a new crown was made for King Hiero II, and Archimedes was asked to check if the crown was made of solid gold, or if some silver had been added by the goldsmith. He was also asked to solve the problem without damaging the crown. This is when he decided to use the discovery he had made in his bath; that later came to be known as the Archimedes' principle.

This principle states that a body immersed in fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced. He realized that this could be put to use, while determining the volume of the crown. To solve the quandary set before him by the king, he simply divided the weight of crown by the water displaced by it. "It IS Good to be the King! This principle can be applied to "solvent extraction" usually found in the gold and precious metal industry.

Because of the economy relative to the value of the dollar which has been compromised is an alternate decision to become a Precious Metal Scrapper. Therefore, as an update to this blog is the web site that will provide a solution (pun intended) on how individuals be in business for themselves by using non-toxic approaches to extracting not only gold, but platinum, palladium, rhodium and more.I have now disclosed this information for the public to review.  Where you need to learn how to scrap precious metals from e-Waste and cellular phones is on this landing page

 



If we challenge the status quo regarding the economy, it is our right to do just that to grow and become financially free by starting a Precious Metals business.

Sunday, July 1, 2012

Photothermal Therapy and Application


As an individual opposed to allopathic methods of invasive surgical and pharmacological treatment; this blog is in lieu of gold (AU) as a health alternative that can have application for devitalizing cancerous cell tissue. In reviewing contemporary research regarding cancer; I observed from a non-surgical and non-pharmacological perspective that "nano probes" have importance as molecular targeting agents in combination with photothermal vectors for selectively destroying cancer cells.

The research is of course ongoing in that using specific surface moieties "targeted diseased cells" by heating the nano probes with near-infra red (NIR) light. Thus selective destruction of cancer cells and tissues would be achieved in principle without destroying the surrounding normal and healthy cells and tissues.

While this appears as a reduction in invasive treatment as a choice to prevent the devastating side effects of conventional methods such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy; these methods also have future applications in personalized medicine, which is the idea of treating an individual, not just the disease.

Perhaps, "targeted nano particles," have a place in complimentary and alternative medicine (CAM) relative to energy medicine based on the coupling effect of gold nano particles (GNP). However, it would entail determining the surface molecules or receptors present on an individual's diseased cells and using these markers to specifically target those individual cells.

Of particular interest is the metal gold such that the heating effect on light absorption is a result of the electron dynamics in metallic lattices. While research has indicated that several effects can occur when gold nano particles are irradiated with light; such that these are surface scattering of electrons, electron–phonon coupling and electron–electron thermalization, perhaps the high electron density in metals are the electron–electron interactions which are strong enough to thermalize the electron gas within the duration of the exciting laser pulse.

Research On Electron Dynamics and Gold Nanoparticles (GNP)
Accordingly, light is radiated on the gold nano particles, and the electrons absorb the photon energy, leading to a non-equilibrium temperature difference between the electron gas and the lattice directly after the laser pulse. Wherein the electron–phonon collisions give rise to the excitation energy exchange between the electron subsystem and the lattice, enabling a thermal equilibrium. Studies on the electron dynamics of gold nano-particles and nano rods were studied by El Sayed et al., using femto-second spectroscopy. In their studies a kinetic trace recorded at 530 nm after excitation with 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses produced deviations in the signal intensity versus time profile at an early stage suggesting a finite electron–electron thermalization event, as opposed to phonon–phonon interactions, which would have produced a straight line without any deviations.

These researchers also studied the effect of size and shape of the nano particles on electron-phonon relaxation. The measured electron–phonon relaxation times were independent of particle size and shape for gold; 15–48 nm, eliminating the influence of electron-surface scattering as a dominant energy relaxation pathway. Whereas, Averitt et al determined the relaxation dynamics of the excited electrons in a nano shell of gold sulfide nano particles coated with an outer layer of gold were  1.7 ps for nano shells which were similar in results on pure gold nano particles. Conversely, studies in ultra-fast relaxation dynamics of gold nano cages resulted in similar relaxation times.Therefore, GNPs primarily undergo similar excitation of electrons causing lattice heating upon irradiation with a laser with no dependence on the size and shape of the particle.

From this line of research, it appears that small size and the rapid heating ability of GNPs within a very small area are quite attractive for selective heating of cancer cells with an appropriate light source in humans. To perpetuate the concept of "photothermal therapy" by using gold nano shell-mediated photothermal destruction of cancer cells; an animal model  was determined for near infra-red radiation absorbing nano shells (109/ml, 20–50 µl) which were injected (˜5 mm) into solid tumors (˜1 cm). Of the results; within 30 min of the injection, tumor sites were exposed to NIR light from a laser (820 nm, 4 W/cm2, 5 mm spot diameter, <6 min). Temperature was monitored via a phase-sensitive, phase-spoiled gradient-echo MRI. Magnetic resonance temperature imaging demonstrated that irreversible tumor damage occurred (ΔT = 37.4 ± 6.6° C) within 4–6 min. Controls that were exposed to a saline injection rather than nano shells experienced significantly reduced average temperatures after exposure to the same NIR light levels (ΔT <10°C). These average temperatures were obtained at a depth of approximately 2.5 mm below the surface. Histological examination of nano shell-treated tumors indicated thermal damage including coagulation, cell shrinkage and loss of nuclear staining.

In a subsequent study, nano shells were targeted to surface receptors namely Her2, which is a growth factor receptor in aggressive breast cancer cells. Referred to as "photothermal ablative therapy" the process requires also selectively targeting cancer cells. One advantage of GNP-based approaches as opposed to conventional approaches is the ability to accomplish targeting of tumor tissue at the cellular level by exploiting both size (50–500 nm) and specificity, which is possible via modification with targeting molecules.

Since minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue and vital organs are significant in non-invasive cancer research; several groups have demonstrated that GNP internalized cells or GNPs in the vicinity of cancer cells can be irradiated with suitable wavelength laser pulses to generate temperatures of approximately 70–80°C to achieve necrotic cell death due to thermal ablation. While this research was conducted in vivo using mouse models to which nano shells have targeted tumor tissues as enhanced permeability and retention (EPR), the results of "transendothelial transport via compromised tight junction formation in tumor tissue leading to 'leaky vasculature' and also the lack of lymphatic drainage at tumor locations was significant.  Thus the dose of GNPs delivered to the tumor tissue is important such that a small difference in the dose of GNPs delivered to cancer cells can make a significant difference in the efficiency of tumor ablation. For prostate cancer cells, an average of approximately 5000 gold nano shells with peak absorption in the NIR region were needed to achieve tumor cell elimination. Additionally, to deliver the EPR effect and thermal ablation of tumor tissue, GNPs specifically targeted tumor cells relative to antiproliferation or apoptosis drugs or stimuli to control tumor growth to create chemotactic gradients to attract immune cells, such as monocytes for tumor clearance.

Finally, the thermal properties of gold nano particles are unaltered by changes in size and shape and GNPs including nano particles, nano shells, nano rods, nano cages and nano stars have application to selectively destroy cancer cells by targeting molecules and NIR heating. The optical properties of GNPs have been used to develop microscopy, namely absorption, scattering, polarization and photothermal microscopy such that the photothermal properties of nano particles could potentially be used as a complimentary tool to implement that can affect the parts of the body considered inaccessible in traditional surgical methods. Perhaps by administering targeted therapy by disrupting specific genes or proteins in cells and tissues a new class of opportunities in therapy can be discovered. Obviously for this to have human application, practitioners would require appropriate probe design and careful simulation of the electromagnetic and temperature fields to deliver a specific dose of energy for a desired biological effect.